windows消息机制、消息格式和消息处理1
unicode支持，windows下用：
1、先在#include<windows.h>上面，定义 UNICODE
#define UNICODE
2、定义字符串
TCHAR * ptxt=TEXT("学习hello c++");
3、根据需要，打印不同格式字符串
#ifdef UNICODE
wprintf(L"%s ",ptxt);
#else
printf("%s ",ptxt);
#endif
打印UNICODE WriteConsole API函数：
HANDLE hstd=GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
wchar_t tc=300;
WriteConsole(hstd,&tc,1,NULL,NULL);
day66 am over
//winpro中，处理点击关闭时,返回0,退出消息循环(退出程序)
switch(msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
//窗口类缓冲区大小，基于一个窗口类创建出来的所有窗口共享的缓冲区
wce.cbClsExtra=0;//数据是4的整数倍，一般200
//写入数据：
DWORD SetClassLong( HWND hWnd, // handle to window
int nIndex, // 字节索引
LONG dwNewLong // new value
);
//读取数据
DWORD GetClassLong( HWND hWnd, // handle to window
int nIndex // 字节索引
);
//窗口缓冲区大小，某一个窗口的数据缓冲区
wce.cbWndExtra=0;
//写入数据
LONG SetWindowLong( HWND hWnd, // handle to window
int nIndex, // 字节索引
LONG dwNewLong // new value
);
//获取数据
LONG GetWindowLong( HWND hWnd, // handle to window
int nIndex //字节索引
);
//系统消息格式
typedef struct tagMSG {
HWND hwnd;
UINT message;
WPARAM wParam;
LPARAM lParam;
DWORD time;
POINT pt;
} MSG, *PMSG;
//在创建窗口之后还未显示的时候
case WM_CREATE:
OnCreate(hwnd,lparam);
void OnCreate(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)
{
CREATESTRUCT *pcs=(CREATESTRUCT*)lparam;
//对应CreateWindowEx的12个参数
char * txt=(char *)pcs->lpCreateParams;//最后的附加参数
MessageBox(NULL,txt,"info",MB_OK);
}
day66 pm over
void OnSizeChange(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)
{
int w=LOWORD(lparam);
int h=HIWORD(lparam);
HWND he=GetDlgItem(hwnd,1001);
MoveWindow(he,0,0,w,h);
}
//窗口大小变化时产生消息
case WM_SIZE:
OnSizeChange(hwnd,lparam)
break;
//windows发送消息
SendMessage//发送消息，等待消息返回
PostMessage//发送消息，不等待消息返回
PostMessage(hwnd,WM_QUIT,0,0);//发送退出消息
用户自定义消息定义(可用31743个),如下：
#define WM_MYMSG WM_USER+1
#define WM_MYMSG2 WM_USER+2
case WM_PAINT://窗口重新绘制
OnPaint(hwnd);
break;
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN://点击鼠标左键，
InvalidateRect(hwnd,NULL,NULL);//窗口重绘
break;
//窗口绘图
void OnPaint(HWND hwnd)
{
WriteConsole(g_houtput,"wm_paint ",9,NULL,NULL);
PAINTSTRUCT ps={0};
HDC hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);//必须在WM_PAINT消息处理函数中使用
TextOut(hdc,200,200,"hello",5);//绘制字符串到界面
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
}
键盘消息：
case WM_KEYDOWN://键盘按键消息
OnKeydown(hwnd,wparam);
break;
void OnKeydown(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"wm_keydown：%08X,%d ",wparam,wparam);//虚拟键码
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
switch(wparam)
{
case VK_UP:
g_ypos-=10;
if(g_ypos<0) g_ypos=0;
break;
case VK_DOWN:
g_ypos+=10;
break;
case VK_LEFT:
g_xpos-=10;
if(g_xpos<0) g_xpos=0;
break;
case VK_RIGHT:
g_xpos+=10;
break;
}
InvalidateRect(hwnd,NULL,TRUE);//重新绘制窗口
}
case WM_CHAR://translateMessage发送的，只有可见字符才能触发
on_char(hwnd,wparam,lparam);
void on_char(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"char code %08X,%d ",wparam,wparam);//ascii码
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
鼠标消息：函数参数大致相同，查看MSDN Library就知道了。
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN://点击鼠标左键，
case WM_LBUTTONUP:
case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
case WM_RBUTTONUP:
case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
case WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK://在注册窗口风格中要加 CS_DBLCLKS
case WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK:
case WM_MOUSEWHEEL:
case WM_MOUSELEAVE:
如：
case WM_LBUTTONUP://点击鼠标左键，
onLbuttondown(hwnd,wparam,lparam);
break;
void onLbuttondown(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)
{
char txt[200]={0};
if(wparam&MK_LBUTTON==MK_LBUTTON) wparam=wparam-MK_LBUTTON;//排除本身
if(wparam&MK_SHIFT==MK_SHIFT) {}//shift键按下
if(wparam&MK_RBUTTON==MK_RBUTTON) {}//右键按下
sprintf(txt,"其他键：%08X,x=%d,y=%d ",wparam,LOWORD(lparam),HIWORD(lparam));//可见字符的ascii码
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
case WM_MOUSEMOVE://鼠标移动
OnMouseMove(hwnd,lparam);
break;
void OnMouseMove(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"mouse move：x=%d,y=%d ",LOWORD(lparam),HIWORD(lparam));//可见字符的ascii码
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
//鼠标双击的触发顺序：单击down,单击up,双击down,单击up
//在.h文件中加定义指定系统最低版本：
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0X400
case WM_MOUSEWHEEL://鼠标滚轮
OnMouseWheel(hwnd,wparam);
break;
void OnMouseWheel(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam){
short npy=HIWORD(wparam);//滚轮移动的偏移量
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"OnMouseWheel：x=%d ",npy);
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
定时器消息WM_TIMER：//不太精确
UINT setTimer(HWND hwnd,UINT id)
{
SetTimer(hwnd,id,1000,timer1);//可以在这里直接指定处理函数
//SetTimer(hwnd,id,1000,NULL);//在WM_TIMER中捕捉再处理
return id;
}
//直接指定的处理函数
void CALLBACK timer1(HWND hwnd,UINT umsg,UINT uid,DWORD dwtime)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"timer1:id=%d ",uid);
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
day68 pm 96
//在WM_TIMER中捕捉再处理
case WM_TIMER:
timer1Proc(hwnd,msg,wparam,lparam);
break;
LRESULT CALLBACK timer1Proc(
HWND hwnd, // handle to window
UINT uMsg, // WM_TIMER
WPARAM wParam, // timer identifier
LPARAM lParam // timer callback (TIMERPROC)
)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"timer1:id=%d ",wParam);
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
return 0;
}
RECT rc={0};
GetClientRect(hwnd,&rc);//获取窗口边界
//画圆
RECT g_rc={0};
PAINTSTRUCT ps={0};
HDC hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);//必须在WM_PAINT消息处理函数中使用
//TextOut(hdc,g_xpos,g_ypos,"hello",5);//绘制字符串到界面
Ellipse(hdc,g_rc.left,g_rc.top,g_rc.right,g_rc.bottom);
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
代码示例：
和day01一样，建立程序 ，
修改stdafx.h ， 加一行： #define _WIN32_WINNT 0X400
修改主要cpp文件：
// win4.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
HINSTANCE g_hinstance=0;//全局句柄
HANDLE g_houtput=0;
HWND g_edit=0;
int g_xpos=100;
int g_ypos=100;
#define WM_MYMSG WM_USER+1
UINT setTimer(HWND hwnd,UINT id)
{
SetTimer(hwnd,id,1000,NULL);//可以在这里指定处理函数，也可以在WM_TIMER中捕捉再处理
return id;
}
void SetExtra(HWND hwnd)
{
SetClassLong(hwnd,0,301);
SetWindowLong(hwnd,0,401);
}
void GetExtra(HWND hwnd)
{
long nc= GetClassLong(hwnd,0);
long nw=GetWindowLong(hwnd,0);
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"%d,%d",nc,nw);
MessageBox(NULL,txt,"info",MB_OK);
}
void OnCreate(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)
{
//g_edit=CreateWindowEx(0,"edit","hello",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_BORDER,0,0,
//200,200,hwnd,NULL,g_hinstance,NULL);
SendMessage(hwnd,WM_MYMSG,1,2);
setTimer(hwnd,1023);
//PostMessage(hwnd,WM_MYMSG,1,2);
}
void OnSizeChange(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)
{
int width=LOWORD(lparam);
int height=HIWORD(lparam);
//改变窗口大小时,同时改编辑框大小
//MoveWindow(g_edit,0,0,width,height,TRUE);
CHAR txt[40]={0};
sprintf(txt,"%d,%d
",width,height);
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
//窗口绘图
void OnPaint(HWND hwnd)
{
WriteConsole(g_houtput,"wm_paint
",9,NULL,NULL);
PAINTSTRUCT ps={0};
HDC hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);//必须在WM_PAINT消息处理函数中使用
TextOut(hdc,g_xpos,g_ypos,"hello",5);//绘制字符串到界面
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
}
void OnKeydown(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam)
{
//WriteConsole(g_houtput,"wm_keydown
",11,NULL,NULL);
bool ischange=false;
switch(wparam)
{
case VK_UP:
g_ypos-=10;
if(g_ypos<0) g_ypos=0;
ischange=true;
break;
case VK_DOWN:
g_ypos+=10;
ischange=true;
break;
case VK_LEFT:
g_xpos-=10;
if(g_xpos<0) g_xpos=0;
ischange=true;
break;
case VK_RIGHT:
g_xpos+=10;
ischange=true;
break;
}
if(ischange) InvalidateRect(hwnd,NULL,TRUE);
}
void OnKeyup(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"VIRTUAL KEY:%08X,%d
",wparam,wparam);//虚拟键码
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
void on_char(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"char code %08X,%d
",wparam,wparam);//可见字符的ascii码
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
void onLbuttondown(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)
{
char txt[200]={0};
if(wparam&MK_LBUTTON==MK_LBUTTON) wparam=wparam-MK_LBUTTON;//排除本身
if(wparam&MK_SHIFT==MK_SHIFT) {}//shift键按下
if(wparam&MK_RBUTTON==MK_RBUTTON) {}//右键按下
sprintf(txt,"onLbuttondown:其他键：%08X,x=%d,y=%d
",wparam,LOWORD(lparam),HIWORD(lparam));//可见字符的ascii码
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
void OnMouseMove(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lparam)
{
char txt[200]={0};
g_xpos=LOWORD(lparam);
g_ypos=HIWORD(lparam);
sprintf(txt,"mouse move：x=%d,y=%d
",g_xpos,g_ypos);//可见字符的ascii码
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
InvalidateRect(hwnd,NULL,TRUE);
}
void OnLbuttonDBClk(HWND hwnd)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"OnLbuttonDBClk
");
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
void OnMouseWheel(HWND hwnd,WPARAM wparam){
short npy=HIWORD(wparam);//滚轮移动的偏移量
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"OnMouseWheel：x=%d
",npy);
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
void CALLBACK timer1(HWND hwnd,UINT umsg,UINT uid,DWORD dwtime)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"timer1:id=%d
",uid);
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
}
LRESULT CALLBACK timer1Proc(
HWND hwnd, // handle to window
UINT uMsg, // WM_TIMER
WPARAM wParam, // timer identifier
LPARAM lParam // timer callback (TIMERPROC)
)
{
char txt[200]={0};
sprintf(txt,"timer1:id=%d
",wParam);
WriteConsole(g_houtput,txt,strlen(txt),NULL,NULL);
return 0;
}
//回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd,UINT msg,WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)
{
switch(msg)
{
case WM_SYSCOMMAND:
if(wparam==SC_CLOSE){
int ret=MessageBox(NULL,"是否退出","info",MB_YESNO);
if(ret==IDYES){
//下面代码会自动关闭和销毁
//PostQuitMessage(0);
}
else return 0;//不执行下面代码
}
break;
//窗口大小变化时产生消息
case WM_SIZE:
OnSizeChange(hwnd,lparam);
break;
case WM_CREATE:
OnCreate(hwnd,lparam);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
//PostQuitMessage(0);
PostMessage(hwnd,WM_QUIT,